How can a space ship travel trough outer space since there is no atmosphere or anything else. Where does the propulsion system „push” to move the rocket ?
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Take a basic physics class and learn about Newton’s Laws of Motion. The propulsion system does not „push” against anything. The mass ejected from the engine at high velocity is balanced by a reaction causing motion in the opposite direction of the „spaceship”. Try standing still on roller skates and throwing a heavy object away from you. You will move in the opposite direction.
It is „pushing” against the mass in the thrusters.
That mass goes one direction, the ship goes in the other. Essentially, throwing bowling balls out the back of the spaceship would get you to move in space just as well, although that would not be as practical, as your movement from this practice depends on the mass of the ship, the mass of the „bowling ball” and the velocity of which you toss that bowling ball.
You can try this experiment sometime if you have better balance than I do.
Get on a skateboard (or roller skates, roller blades, something similar). Be sure you’re motionless, and pick up and throw a baseball forward. You *should* roll backwards a little bit (it would be a *forever* roll if there were no atmosphere or friction with the ground, but still a very slow one). Now try throwing that same baseball faster. You roll backwards a little bit faster. Try different massed objects and different throwing velocities. You’re not moving that much from pushing the air, you’re moving that much by pushing the mass that was once attached to you in the opposite direction of your desired travel (assuming you desired to roll backwards).
Space ships use the principle of conservation of momentum:
P(momentum)=m(mass)x v(velocity), btw, if you didn’t know that…
So, initially, if the space ship is at rest in space, when the astronauts want to start moving, they make a chemical reaction occur in a combustion chamber at the back of the rocket, in which two chemicals react, spontaneously creating huge amounts of hot gases. These hot gases are then forced out of the back of the rocket at high speed (since the pressure in the combustion chamber is so high). This makes the rocket go forward by conservation of momentum…
P(initial) = P(rocket) + P(chemicals) = 0 – since v=0
Then, when the reaction occurs…
P(final) = 0 – because of conservation of momentum, but P(chemicals) increases hugely because the chemicals are being turned into hot gases in the combustion chamber, SO…
P(chemicals) + P(rocket) = 0
so P(chemicals) = -P(rocket)
Which means that the momentum with which hot gases are being forced out of the back of the rocket is equal to the momentum of the rocket after the reaction… the minus sign just means that the rocket is moving in the oposite direction to the hot gases
I hope that helps!
Rockets do not push against surrounding air. The exhaust gas itself pushes on the rocket.
Inside the engine fuel and oxidiser combine and ignite, creating a massive expanding cloud of gas that exerts pressure on the inside of the engine nozzle. The shape of the engine nozzle forces that expanding gas out the back, and in turn the expanding gas pushes the rocket forward.
It is the beauty of space , there is nothing , no friction , no wind , you can reach speeds unimaginable. the engine just „push ” you ahead . Then you can fly close to objects and use their gravity to carry even farther and faster.
The low down is to find something close , it takes a life to reach Saturn and that is not our furthest planet .
Force is proportional to mass times acceleration (when proper units are chosen, F = ma). Alternatively, force is proportional to the time rate of change of momentum.
yeah well a space ship/shuttle doesn’t use jets… you know there is no oxygen out there for it to burn… so they use some kind of explosion to push the space ship..
it s action reaction